pentobarbital for sale

Pentobarbital, also known as pentobarbitone in British and Australian contexts, is a short-acting barbiturate commonly used as a sedative, preanesthetic, and to control convulsions in emergency situations. It has also been utilized for short-term treatment of insomnia, although it has largely been replaced by benzodiazepines for this purpose1. Find premium pentobarbital for sale online. Enjoy safe transactions, affordable prices, fast delivery, and reliable customer support. Order today!

Medical Uses

Pentobarbital is primarily used for sedation, inducing sleep, and managing certain types of seizures. It is part of the central nervous system (CNS) depressants group, which helps in relieving tension and nervousness by inducing drowsiness2. In veterinary practice, pentobarbital is widely used for anesthesia and euthanasia due to its rapid onset of coma and the perception of a peaceful death3.

Mechanism of Action

Pentobarbital works by binding to a distinct site associated with a Cl- ionopore at the GABAA receptor, which increases the duration for which the Cl- ionopore remains open. This action prolongs the post-synaptic inhibitory effect of GABA in the thalamus, leading to a marked decrease in neuronal calcium conductance2.

Dosage and Administration

The dosage of pentobarbital varies depending on the route of administration and the patient’s age. For intravenous (IV) administration, the typical dose is 1-6 mg/kg with a maximum dose of 100 mg. For intramuscular (IM) administration, the dose is 2-6 mg/kg with a maximum dose of 100 mg. Oral or rectal administration doses are 3-6 mg/kg for patients younger than 4 years old and 1.5-3 mg/kg for patients older than 4 years, both with a maximum dose of 100 mg4.

Euthanasia and Capital Punishment

Pentobarbital is used for euthanasia in veterinary medicine and for physician-assisted suicide in several countries. In the Netherlands, it is part of the protocol for self-administration by patients, typically given in a liquid form containing 9 grams of pentobarbital. In the United States, it is used for physician-assisted death in states like Oregon, Washington, Vermont, and California, with a typical oral dosage of 10 grams1. In Switzerland, it is administered intravenously, inducing sleep within 30 seconds and stopping the heart within 3 minutes1.

The drug has also been considered as a substitute for sodium thiopental in capital punishment by lethal injection in the United States. This shift occurred when sodium thiopental became unavailable due to the cessation of production by the U.S. manufacturer and difficulties in importing the drug1.

Controversies and Legal Issues

The use of pentobarbital in capital punishment has been surrounded by secrecy, particularly in states like Indiana, where little is known about how the drug was acquired. Despite this, pentobarbital has been used in federal executions, highlighting its role in the resumption of executions after a decade-long hiatus5.

Additional Information

Pentobarbital is also known by the brand name Nembutal and is classified as a short-acting barbiturate. It is often used on an as-needed basis, and patients are advised to use the missed dose as soon as they remember, unless it is almost time for the next scheduled dose6.